Trump has threatened to impose 100% tariffs against the bloc if they take any moves to undermine the dollar. Last year, at the summit hosted by Russia in Kazan, the Kremlin sought to develop alternatives to U.S.-dominated payment systems which would allow it to dodge Western sanctions imposed after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022

The Brazil summit of the BRICS grouping of developing nations should have been the perfect forum to advance the organisation’s key purpose: a move away from a Western-dominated world towards a more inclusive and fair global governance structure.

BRICS Summit in Brazil, discussions focused on global governance reform, environmental issues, and global health.